What psychological effect does a shotgun have compared to a handgun?

The intimidation factor of a shotgun compared to a handgun is significant due to its appearance, size, and the sound it makes when fired. Shotguns typically have a larger, more menacing presence than handguns, which can invoke a psychological response in adversaries. The wide spread of the shot can give the impression of greater lethality at close range, while the sound of the shotgun being racked can serve as a powerful deterrent. This psychological impact is particularly relevant in high-stress situations, where the mere sight or sound of a shotgun can instill fear and potentially de-escalate a confrontation before it becomes violent.

While other options discuss factors like accuracy, demeanor under stress, and concealment, these aspects do not capture the immediate psychological context that the sheer appearance and sound of a shotgun can have in a tense scenario.